Semax
A heptapeptide fragment of ACTH (4-10), developed in the same Russian lab as Selank. We read all 60 studies. The protocol is below.
Free — puts Semax on your decision board.
Everything you need to start: dose, sourcing, safety, our verdict.
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Built from 60 cited studies.
- you're a tech worker, finance person, or grad student who's read everything on r/Nootropics
- you've had a mild stroke or concussion and your Russian relatives swear by it
- you want something subtle for focus that isn't another stimulant
- **variant alert** — read the bottle: 'Semax' (the Russian brand, ACTH 4-10), 'N-acetyl Semax' (NA-Semax, longer half-life), and 'N-acetyl Semax amidate' (NA-Semax-amidate, the version most RUO vendors actually ship) are **three different molecules**. Russian trial evidence is for plain Semax; community dosing folklore is mostly for the amidate
- **you're on an SSRI, SNRI, MAOI, tramadol, triptan, lithium, or other serotonergic agent** — Semax is reported in the Russian literature to modulate monoaminergic systems including serotonin and dopamine (mechanism UNVERIFIED in English peer review); additive serotonergic risk is theoretical but real and the Russian literature does not test the interaction
- you want US-trial evidence — most of it is Russian
- you have unmanaged ADHD pretending to be "brain fog" — get the real diagnosis first
- **you're DIY'ing the intranasal spray and can't run sterile technique** — reconstituting RUO powder into bacteriostatic-saline nasal spray introduces contamination risk that the sealed sterile Russian Rx Semax doesn't have. Nasal mucosa is a fast route to systemic blood — non-sterile prep is not a small detail
- **you assumed forum 300 mcg/day is the trial dose** — it isn't. Russian-neurology trial doses are 1000+ mcg/day intranasal; community RUO dosing typically lands at 300 mcg/day. The community dose is roughly one-third of the trial dose, and the gap is not labeled anywhere on the bottle
- Paradoxical anxiety, agitation, or sleep disruption.
- Two-week proper-dose trial with no perceived benefit.
- Mood destabilization in either direction.
What it is.
Semax is a seven-amino-acid synthetic derived from a fragment of ACTH (4-10) — the adrenocorticotropic hormone — with the hormonal activity stripped out and the neuroactive properties retained. It came out of the same Russian Institute of Molecular Genetics that developed Selank, and like Selank, it's used clinically in Russia and not approved anywhere in the West.
The Russian clinical indications include ischemic stroke recovery, transient ischemic attack, cognitive impairment, and optic nerve disorders. It's sold as an intranasal spray under the brand name Semax in Russia. In the US, it's strictly a research chemical (RUO).
The proposed mechanism is broad: increased BDNF and NGF expression, modulation of dopamine and serotonin systems, neuroprotective effects in ischemic models. Like Selank, it's a small molecule with multiple plausible mechanisms and not enough Western trials to nail down the dominant one.
TL;DR. 30-second version.
The compressed verdict — what Semax actually is, what the human evidence shows, and the watch-for in three bullets. Locked.
Get the report · $19 ↓Mechanism.
How the molecule actually works — receptor profile, downstream signaling, what to expect mechanistically.
Get the report · $19 ↓Evidence. What we actually know in humans.
The trial breakdown — phase, n, primary endpoint, who funded, what hit, what didn't.
Get the report · $19 ↓Dose. The actual protocol.
The specific protocol — dose, titration schedule, cycle pattern, frequency, route.
Sourcing. Where the cohort actually buys.
Sourcing breakdown — vendor methodology, red flags, our published test results, COA checklist.
Safety. Side effects.
The watch-for list — contraindications, drug interactions, monitoring labs, when to stop.
Get the report · $19 ↓Editorial position.
Our editorial position — explicit yes / no / depends, with the reasoning behind it.
Get the report · $19 ↓Citations.
- 01Liu R, et al. Semax peptide targets the μ opioid receptor gene Oprm1 to promote deubiquitination and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in female mice. British journal of pharmacology. 2025;182(22):5489-5516. PMID: 40692165.
- 02Rahman OF, et al. Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews. 2026;10(1). PMID: 41490200.
- 03Glazova NY, et al. Semax, synthetic ACTH(4-10) analogue, attenuates behavioural and neurochemical alterations following early-life fluvoxamine exposure in white rats. Neuropeptides. 2021;86:102114. PMID: 33418449.
- 04Sciacca MFM, et al. Semax, a Synthetic Regulatory Peptide, Affects Copper-Induced Abeta Aggregation and Amyloid Formation in Artificial Membrane Models. ACS chemical neuroscience. 2022;13(4):486-496. PMID: 35080861.
- 05Eremin KO, et al. Semax, an ACTH(4-10) analogue with nootropic properties, activates dopaminergic and serotoninergic brain systems in rodents. Neurochemical research. 2005;30(12):1493-500. PMID: 16362768.
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- 06Dmitrieva VG, et al. Semax and Pro-Gly-Pro activate the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes after cerebral ischemia. Cellular and molecular neurobiology. 2010;30(1):71-9. PMID: 19633950.
- 07Tomasello MF, et al. Semax, a Copper Chelator Peptide, Decreases the Cu(II)-Catalyzed ROS Production and Cytotoxicity of aβ by Metal Ion Stripping and Redox Silencing. Bioinorganic chemistry and applications. 2025;2025:4226220. PMID: 40496623.
- 08Dolotov OV, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain. Journal of neurochemistry. 2006;97 Suppl 1:82-6. PMID: 16635254.
- 09Medvedeva EV, et al. Semax, an analog of ACTH((4-7)), regulates expression of immune response genes during ischemic brain injury in rats. Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG. 2017;292(3):635-653. PMID: 28255762.
- 10Inozemtsev AN, et al. Semax prevents learning and memory inhibition by heavy metals. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2016;468(1):112-4. PMID: 27411820.
- 11Lebedeva IS, et al. Effects of Semax on the Default Mode Network of the Brain. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2018;165(5):653-656. PMID: 30225715.
- 12Panikratova YR, et al. Functional Connectomic Approach to Studying Selank and Semax Effects. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2020;490(1):9-11. PMID: 32342318.
- 13Liapina LA, et al. [Comparison of anticoagulant effects of regulatory proline-containing oligopeptides. Specificity of glyprolines, semax, and selank and potential of their practical application]. Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia biologicheskaia. 2006(2):193-203. PMID: 16634437.
- 14Medvedeva EV, et al. The peptide semax affects the expression of genes related to the immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal ischemia: genome-wide transcriptional analysis. BMC genomics. 2014;15:228. PMID: 24661604.
- 15Gusev EI, et al. [The efficacy of semax in the tretament of patients at different stages of ischemic stroke]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2018;118(3. Vyp. 2):61-68. PMID: 29798983.
- 16Malyshev AV, et al. Semax corrects brain dysfunction caused by prenatal introduction of valproic acid. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2013;450:126-9. PMID: 23821048.
- 17Magrì A, et al. Influence of the N-terminus acetylation of Semax, a synthetic analog of ACTH(4-10), on copper(II) and zinc(II) coordination and biological properties. Journal of inorganic biochemistry. 2016;164:59-69. PMID: 27586814.
- 18Manchenko DM, et al. [Nootropic and analgesic effects of Semax following different routes of administration]. Rossiiskii fiziologicheskii zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova. 2010;96(10):1014-23. PMID: 21268834.
- 19Tsai SJ. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), is a potential agent for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Rett syndrome. Medical hypotheses. 2007;68(5):1144-6. PMID: 16996699.
- 20Kost NV, et al. [Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum]]. Bioorganicheskaia khimiia. 2001;27(3):180-3. PMID: 11443939.
- 21Samotrueva MA, et al. Experimental Substantiation of Application of Semax as a Modulator of Immune Reaction on the Model of "Social" Stress. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2019;166(6):754-758. PMID: 31028579.
- 22Volodina MA, et al. Semax attenuates the influence of neonatal maternal deprivation on the behavior of adolescent white rats. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2012;152(5):560-3. PMID: 22803132.
- 23Dolotov OV, et al. Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus. Brain research. 2006;1117(1):54-60. PMID: 16996037.
- 24Kolbaev SN, et al. The Effect of Peptide Semax, an ACTH(4-10) Analogue, on Intracellular Calcium Dynamics in Rat Brain Neurons. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2025;179(4):416-420. PMID: 41171324.
- 25Slominsky PA, et al. Peptides semax and selank affect the behavior of rats with 6-OHDA induced PD-like parkinsonism. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2017;474(1):106-109. PMID: 28702721.
- 26Filippenkov IB, et al. Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH((4-7))PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats. Genes. 2020;11(6). PMID: 32580520.
- 27Tabbì G, et al. Semax, an ACTH4-10 peptide analog with high affinity for copper(II) ion and protective ability against metal induced cell toxicity. Journal of inorganic biochemistry. 2015;142:39-46. PMID: 25310602.
- 28Sudarkina OY, et al. Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH((4-7))PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion. International journal of molecular sciences. 2021;22(12). PMID: 34201112.
- 29Yatsenko KA, et al. Heptapeptide semax attenuates the effects of chronic unpredictable stress in rats. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2013;453:353-7. PMID: 24385169.
- 30Dergunova LV, et al. [The Peptide Drug ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Suppresses mRNA Transcripts Encoding Proinflammatory Mediators Induced by Reversible Ischemia of the Rat Brain]. Molekuliarnaia biologiia. 2021;55(3):402-411. PMID: 34097675.
- 31Tarasov VV, et al. Pharmacological Aspects of Neuro-Immune Interactions. Current pharmaceutical design. 2018;24(1):15-21. PMID: 28875850.
- 32Agapova TY, et al. Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10. Neuroscience letters. 2007;417(2):201-5. PMID: 17353092.
- 33Sebentsova EA, et al. Effects of semax against the background of dopaminergic receptor blockade with haloperidol. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2006;141(2):170-4. PMID: 16984088.
- 34Shevchenko KV, et al. Stability of Semax acetyl to proteolysis in various biological media. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2013;449:110-2. PMID: 23652441.
- 35Inozemtseva LS, et al. Antidepressant-like and antistress effects of the ACTH(4-10) synthetic analogs Semax and Melanotan II on male rats in a model of chronic unpredictable stress. European journal of pharmacology. 2024;984:177068. PMID: 39442746.
- 36Grivennikov IA, et al. Effects of behaviorally active ACTH (4-10) analogue - Semax on rat basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Restorative neurology and neuroscience. 2008;26(1):35-43. PMID: 18431004.
- 37Eremin KO, et al. Effects of Semax on dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems of the brain. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2004;394:1-3. PMID: 15088389.
- 38Svishcheva MV, et al. Composition of Colon Microbiota in Rats Treated with ACTH(4-7)-PGP Peptide (Semax) under Conditions of Restraint Stress. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2020;169(3):357-360. PMID: 32737723.
- 39Inozemtsev AN, et al. [Opposite Semax influence on conditioning and functional disturbances of avoidance responses in rats]. Zhurnal vysshei nervnoi deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova. 2013;63(6):711-8. PMID: 25464761.
- 40Radchenko AI, et al. The Potential of the Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments in the Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Acta naturae. 2025;17(4):110-120. PMID: 41479572.
- 41V'yunova TV, et al. Specific binding of semax in different regions of the rat brain. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2006;410:376-7. PMID: 17278839.
- 42Shadrina M, et al. Comparison of the temporary dynamics of NGF and BDNF gene expression in rat hippocampus, frontal cortex, and retina under Semax action. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN. 2010;41(1):30-5. PMID: 19662538.
- 43Levitskaya NG, et al. The neuroprotective effects of Semax in conditions of MPTP-induced lesions of the brain dopaminergic system. Neuroscience and behavioral physiology. 2004;34(4):399-405. PMID: 15341218.
- 44Sheremet NL, et al. [An experimental substantiation for using the "Semax" neuroprotector in the treatment of optic-nerve diseases]. Vestnik oftalmologii. 2004;120(6):25-7. PMID: 15678666.
- 45Shevchenko KV, et al. [Kinetics of Semax penetration into the brain and blood of rats after its intranasal administration]. Bioorganicheskaia khimiia. 2006;32(1):64-70. PMID: 16523722.
- 46Inozemtsev AN, et al. Semax prevents functional impairments of avoidance response in rats. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2013;448:1-3. PMID: 23479006.
- 47Levitskaia NG, et al. [Influence of Semax on the emotional state of white rats in the norm and against the background of cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide action]. Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia biologicheskaia. 2010(2):231-7. PMID: 20387390.
- 48Filippenkov IB, et al. ACTH-like Peptides Compensate Rat Brain Gene Expression Profile Disrupted by Ischemia a Day After Experimental Stroke. Biomedicines. 2024;12(12). PMID: 39767736.
- 49Romanova GA, et al. Neuroprotective and antiamnesic effects of Semax during experimental ischemic infarction of the cerebral cortex. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2006;142(6):663-6. PMID: 17603664.
- 50Dolotov OV, et al. The heptapeptide SEMAX stimulates BDNF expression in different areas of the rat brain in vivo. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2003;391:292-5. PMID: 14556513.
- 51Sharonova IN, et al. Modulation of GABA- and Glycine-Activated Ionic Currents with Semax in Isolated Cerebral Neurons. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2018;164(5):612-616. PMID: 29577196.
- 52Storozhevykh TP, et al. Effects of semax and its Pro-Gly-Pro fragment on calcium homeostasis of neurons and their survival under conditions of glutamate toxicity. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2007;143(5):601-4. PMID: 18239779.
- 53Stavchansky VV, et al. The effect of Semax and its C-end peptide PGP on the morphology and proliferative activity of rat brain cells during experimental ischemia: a pilot study. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN. 2011;45(2):177-85. PMID: 20617398.
- 54Ivanova DM, et al. Comparative study of analgesic potency of ACTH4-10 fragment and its analog semax. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2007;143(1):5-8. PMID: 18018999.
- 55Svishcheva MV, et al. Morphofunctional State of the Large Intestine in Rats under Conditions of Restraint Stress and Administration of Peptide ACTH((4-7))-PGP (Semax). Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2021;170(3):384-388. PMID: 33459919.
- 56Levitskaya NG, et al. Study on the neurotropic activity of the products of Semax enzymatic degradation. Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections. 2000;372:243-6. PMID: 10944712.
- 57Zhuĭkova SE, et al. [Semax and some glyproline peptides accelerate the healing of acetic ulcers in rats]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology. 2003(4):88-92, 117. PMID: 14653248.
- 58Pae CU. Therapeutic possibility of "Semax" for depression. CNS spectrums. 2008;13(1):20-1. PMID: 18204410.
- 59Grigorjeva ME, et al. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet effects of semax under conditions of acute and chronic immobilization stress. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. 2010;149(1):44-6. PMID: 21113455.
- 60Stavchanskiĭ VV, et al. [The effect of semax and its C-end peptide PGP on expression of the neurotrophins and their receptors in the rat brain during incomplete global ischemia]. Molekuliarnaia biologiia. 2011;45(6):1026-35. PMID: 22295573.
Everything you need to start.
Dose, sourcing, safety, our verdict. One purchase. Yours forever.
Built from 60 cited studies.